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[[East Africa]] > [[Tanzania]] > [[Loasi River Forest Reserve]]

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__TOC__
= Summary =

<div style='float: right'>{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers=OpenStreetMap,OpenTopoMap|-8.181454, 31.123284~[[Loasi River Forest Reserve]]~''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii''}}</div>
* Eastern chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii'') are present in Loasi River Forest Reserve.
* The population size is unknown.
* The population trend is unknown.
* The site has a total size of 334 km².
* Key reported threats to chimpanzees are agro-pastoralism, bushmeat hunting, and logging.
* The main conservation activities reported are involving the local community in ape research, education and outreach.
*The site is a forest reserve.
[[File: Loasi FR WCS.JPG | 300px | thumb| none | Loasi River Forest Reserve © WCS Ruaha-Katavi Landscape Program, Tanzania]]
= Site characteristics =

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Loasi River Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
|Species
|''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii''
|-
|Area
|334 km²
|-
|Coordinates
|Lat: -8.181454 , Lon: 31.123284
|-
|Type of site
|Protected area (Forest Reserve)
|-
|Habitat types
|Subtropical/tropical dry forest
|-
|Type of governance
|Governance by government
|}

[[Types of sites]] [[Governance types]] [[Habitat types]]

= Ape status =

'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Loasi River Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
!Species
!Year
!Occurrence
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
!Survey area
!Sampling method
!Analytical framework
!Source
!Comments
!A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii''
|2024
|Present
|
|
|
|Loasi Forest Reserve
|Reconnaissance walk
|Spatial mapping
|[[#R01073|WCS Tanzania, 2024]]
|32 nests of all ages counted in 3 days (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).
|
|-
|''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii''
|2023
|Present
|
|
|
|Loasi Forest Reserve
|Reconnaissance walk
|Spatial mapping
|[[#R01072|WCS Tanzania, 2023]]
|45 nests of all ages counted in 5 days (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).
|
|-
|''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii''
|2022
|Present
|
|
|
|Loasi Forest Reserve
|Reconnaissance walk
|Spatial mapping
|[[#R01071|WCS Tanzania, 2022]]
|57 nests of all ages counted in 5 days (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).
|
|-
|''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii''
|2005-2009
|
|
|0.21
|
|Southern Lake Tanganyika
|Line transects & recces
|Distance sampling
|[[#R01069|Davenport et al. 2010]]
|60-85 chimpanzees estimated across all sites south of Kipili to Kalambo NFR
|
|-
|''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii''
|1997
|Present
|
|
|
|Loasi Forest Reserve
|
|
|[[#R01070|Ogawa et al. 1997]]
|
|
|}

[[Sampling methods]] [[Analytical frameworks]]
[[File: Loasi Chimpanzee 2023 WCS Tanzania..JPG | 300px | thumb| none | © WCS Ruaha-Katavi Landscape Program, Tanzania]]
= Threats =

'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Loasi River Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
!Category
!Specific threats
!Threat level
!Description
!Year of threat
|-
|2 Agriculture & aquaculture
|2.3 Livestock farming & ranching
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
|Agro-pastoralist incursion into the forest reserve, semi-permanent bomas for livestock established, use of water points and fire - general habitat degradation associated with this (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).
|2005-Ongoing (2026)
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.1.1 Subsistence bushmeat hunting
|Medium (30-70% of population affected)
|Villages growing in size adjacent to the reserve, regular evidence of hunting using dogs, guns and drop traps detected (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).
|2005-Ongoing (2026)
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
|Selective logging of mainly hardwood species (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).
|2005-Ongoing (2026)
|}

[[Threats]]

= Conservation activities =

'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Loasi River Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Conservation_activities-table"
!Category
!Specific activity
!Description
!Implementing organization(s)
!Year of activity
|-
|4 Education & awareness
|4.1 Educate local communities about apes and sustainable use
|Outreach with local primary and secondary schools (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).
|Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)
|2022
|-
|4 Education & awareness
|4.2 Involve local community in ape research and conservation management
|Recruit local field assistance and trackers for monitoring work (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).
|Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)
|2022-Ongoing (2026)
|-
|7 Economic & other incentives
|7.2 Provide non-monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g., better education, infrastructure development)
|Support village land use planning to put aside areas of natural habitat adjacent to Loasi - community forest establishment (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).
|Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)
|2023
|-
|5 Protection & restoration
|5.2 Legally protect ape habitat
|The site is a Forest Reserve since 1957. WCS promotes the upgrading of Loasi to Nature Forest Reserve status and merge with adjacent Kalambo NFR (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).
|Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)
|1957-Ongoing (2026)
|}

[[Conservation activities]]
[[File: Loasi Conservation Outreach WCS.jpg | 300px | thumb| none | Loasi Conservation Outreach © WCS Ruaha-Katavi Landscape Program, Tanzania]]
= Challenges =

'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Loasi River Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Challenges-table"
!Challenges
!Specific challenges
!Source
!Year(s)
|-
|2 Resources and capacity
|2.2 Lack of staff
|Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026
|1957-Ongoing (2026)
|-
|2 Resources and capacity
|2.4 Lack of continuous/long-term funding
|Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026
|Ongoing (2026)
|-
|2 Resources and capacity
|2.7 Lack of infrastructure
|Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026
|1957-Ongoing (2026)
|-
|4 Institutional support
|4.2 Lack of government support
|Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026
|1957-Ongoing (2026)
|}

[[Challenges]]

= Enablers =

'''Table 6. Enablers reported for Loasi River Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="enabler-table"
!Enablers
!Specific enablers
!Source
!Year(s)
|-
|1 Site management
|1.1 Effective leadership
|Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026
|Ongoing (2026)
|-
|2 Resources and capacity
|2.3 Continuous/long-term funding
|Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026
|Ongoing (2026)
|-
|3 Engaged community
|3.4 Anticipated advantages/benefits of conservation activities
|Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026
|Ongoing (2026)
|-
|4 Institutional support
|4.3 Strong transboundary cooperation
|Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026
|2023-Ongoing (2026)
|}

[[Enablers]]

= Research activities =

Wildlife Conservation Society has an ongoing monitoring program focused on Loasi and in 2026 will also be confirming whether indeed Loasi is the only chimpanzee population south of Kipili - visiting villages to conduct interviews, followed by reconnaissance walks in any forests of interest (Nicholas A pers.comm. 2026).

= Documented behaviours =

'''Table 7. Behaviours documented for Loasi River Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviours-table"
!Category
!Behavior
!Observation type
!Prevalence
!Observation dates
!Source
!Habituation
!Species
!Comment
|-
|
|Termite fishing
|
|
|
|Pascual-Garrido et al., in press
|
|
|
|}

[[Behaviours]]

= Exposure to climate change impacts =

= External links =

= References =

Alejandra Pascual-Garrido et.al., In Press. New southernmost limit for Pan tool-making: Termite-fishing in the Loasi Forest Reserve, Tanzania.

Davenport, TRB, Mpunga NE, Picton Phillipps, G, Machaga, SJ, De Luca, DW, Kibure O & Abeid, Y. 2010. The conservation status of the chimpanzee in Southern Tanganyika 2005-2009. Unpublished Report. Wildlife Conservation Society.

Ogawa, H. (1997). Reviewed Article: The Discovery of Chimpanzees in the Lwazi River Area, Tanzania: a New Southern Distribution Limit. ''Pan Africa News'', 4(1), 1-3. [https://doi.org/10.5134/143352 doi:10.5134/143352]

WCS Tanzania 2022. Unpublished field survey report

WCS Tanzania 2023. Unpublished field survey report

WCS Tanzania 2024. Unpublished field survey report

'''Page created by: '''Aaron Nicholas''' Date:''' 2026-04-28

Loasi River Forest Reserve - Revision history