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[[Asia]] > [[Indonesia]] > [[Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial Ketapang]]

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__TOC__
= Summary =

<div style='float: right'>{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers=OpenStreetMap,OpenTopoMap|-1.429245, 110.227982~[[Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial Ketapang]]~''Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii''}}</div>
* Southwest Bornean orangutans (''Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii'') are present in Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial Ketapang.
* The orangutan population size is unknown.
* The orangutan population trend is unknown.
* The total site area is 12 km².
* The major threats reported are illegal mining activities and human wildlife conflicts.
* The main conservation activities have focused on educating the community, rehabilitating natural habitats, and mitigating human wildlife conflicts.

= Site characteristics =

The Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial Ketapang is a corridor spanning approximately 1,200 ha over ~6 km within the PT GMS and PT KAL concessions. It connects critical orangutan habitats across the [[Sungai Putri Conservation Area]], [[Gunung Tarak Protected Forest]], and [[Gunung Palung National Park]], and is home to Southwest Bornean orangutans ([[#R00845|Andilala 2018]]).

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial Ketapang'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
|Species
|''Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii''
|-
|Area
|129.18 km²
|-
|Coordinates
|Lat: -1.429245 , Lon: 110.227982
|-
|Type of site
|Non-protected area (Essential ecosystem area)
|-
|Habitat types
|Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
|-
|Type of governance
|Governance by government
|}

[[Types of sites]] [[Governance types]] [[Habitat types]]
= Ape status =

'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial Ketapang'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
!Species
!Year
!Occurrence
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
!Survey area
!Sampling method
!Analytical framework
!Source
!Comments
!A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|''Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

[[Sampling methods]] [[Analytical frameworks]]
= Threats =

'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial Ketapang'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
!Category
!Specific threats
!Threat level
!Description
!Year of threat
|-
|3 Energy production & mining
|3.2.1 Industrial mining
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|The illegal mining activities has led to forest loss within the corridor, disrupting the movement of orangutans and other wildlife between neighboring ecosystems ([[#R00845|Andilala 2018]]).
|2018-Ongoing (2025)
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.1.5 Persecution/human wildlife conflict
|Present (unknown severity)
|Human wildlife conflict reported, but details are unknown ([[#R00846|Sherman et al. 2022]]).
|Ongoing (2022)
|}

[[Threats]]
= Conservation activities =

'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial Ketapang'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Conservation_activities-table"
!Category
!Specific activity
!Description
!Implementing organization(s)
!Year of activity
|-
|5 Protection & restoration
|5.6 Habitat restoration
|Habitat management activities were reported to be present ([[#R00846|Sherman et al. 2022]]).
|
|2018-Ongoing (2022)
|-
|2 Counter-wildlife crime
|Other
|Mitigation of human wildlife conflict activities were reported, but details are unknown ([[#R00846|Sherman et al. 2022]]).
|
|2018-Ongoing (2022)
|-
|4 Education & awareness
|Other
|Community outreach and capacity building activities were reported, but the details are unknown ([[#R00846|Sherman et al. 2022]]).
|
|2018-Ongoing (2022)
|}

[[Conservation activities]]
= Challenges =

= Enablers =

= Research activities =

= Documented behaviours =

= Exposure to climate change impacts =

= External links =

= References =

<span id="R00845"></span>Andilala. (2018, August 2). 1.200 hektare kawasan konservasi di Ketapang terancam rusak. Antaranews Kalbar. Retrieved June 19, 2025, from https://kalbar.antaranews.com/berita/363873/1200-hektare-kawasan-konservasi-di-ketapang-terancam-rusak

<span id="R00846"></span>Sherman, J., Voigt, M., Ancrenaz, M., Wich, S. A., Qomariah, I. N., Lyman, E., …, & Meijaard, E. (2022). Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns. ''Biological Conservation'', 276, 109744. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744 doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744]

'''Page created by: '''Aime Mizero''' Date:''' 2025-06-09

Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial Ketapang - Revision history