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[[West Africa]] > [[Senegal]] > [[Bagnomba]]

'''[https://apesatlas-apeinstitute-org.translate.goog/index.php/Bagnomba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Français]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-apeinstitute-org.translate.goog/index.php/Bagnomba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Português]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-apeinstitute-org.translate.goog/index.php/Bagnomba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=es&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Español]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-apeinstitute-org.translate.goog/index.php/Bagnomba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Bahasa Indonesia]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-apeinstitute-org.translate.goog/index.php/Bagnomba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=ms&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Melayu]'''

__TOC__
= Summary =

<div style='float: right'>{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers=OpenStreetMap,OpenTopoMap|12.713017, -12.376238~[[Bagnomba]]~''Pan troglodytes verus''}}</div>
* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Bagnomba.
* The population size is unknown.
* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.
* The size of the site is unknown.
* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging and transformation of land for agriculture.
* Conservation activities have focused on research activities; the site is also an offset site of the Petowal mining company.

= Site characteristics =

The site is located in the savanna-woodlands of southeastern Senegal, 15 km away from the Fongoli research site ([[#R00060|Badji et al. 2018]]).

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Bagnomba'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
|Species
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
|-
|Area
|
|-
|Coordinates
|Lat: 12.713017 , Lon: -12.376238
|-
|Type of site
|Non-protected area
|-
|Habitat types
|Savanna, Subtropical/tropical dry forest
|-
|Type of governance
|
|}

[[Types of sites]] [[Governance types]] [[Habitat types]]
= Ape status =

Chimpanzees are present in the area but the population size is currently unknown.

'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Bagnomba'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
!Species
!Year
!Occurrence
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
!Survey area
!Sampling method
!Analytical framework
!Source
!Comments
!A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
|2020
|
|
|
|
|Bagnomba
|Line transects, Camera trap
|
|Diallo, D. pers. comm. 2023
|
|
|-
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
|2015
|Present
|
|
|
|Bagnomba Hill, 5 km²
|Reconnaissance walk
|
|[[#R00060|Badji et al. 2018]]
|survey effort: 65 km. 550 nests recorded
|
|-
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
|2014-2015
|Present
|
|
|
|Bagnomba
|Reconnaissance walk
|
|[[#R00061|Ndiaye et al. 2017]]
|
|SEN0013
|}

[[Sampling methods]] [[Analytical frameworks]]
= Threats =

Direct threats at Bagnomba include deforestation around the base of the hill due to agriculture and livestock grazing. Gold mining is present within a 3 km radius from the hill ([[#R00060|Badji et al. 2018]]).

'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Bagnomba'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
!Category
!Specific threats
!Threat level
!Description
!Year of threat
|-
|2 Agriculture & aquaculture
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|Expansion of agricultural land in the area (Diallo, D. pers. comm. 2023).
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|Competition for ''Adansonia digitata'', baobab, which chimpanzees also feed on (Diallo, D. pers. comm. 2023).
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|Extraction of timber for construction (Diallo, D. pers. comm. 2023).
|Ongoing (2023)
|}

[[Threats]]
= Conservation activities =

= Challenges =

'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Bagnomba'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Challenges-table"
!Challenges
!Specific challenges
!Source
!Year(s)
|-
|
|Not reported
|
|
|}

[[Challenges]]
= Enablers =

'''Table 6. Enablers reported for Bagnomba'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="enabler-table"
!Enablers
!Specific enablers
!Source
!Year(s)
|-
|1 Site management
|
|
|
|-
|2 Resources and capacity
|
|
|
|-
|3 Engaged community
|
|
|
|-
|4 Institutional support
|
|
|
|-
|5 Ecological context
|
|
|
|-
|6 Safety and stability
|
|
|
|}

[[Enablers]]
= Research activities =

A few studies have been conducted at the site, including the investigation of chimpanzee nesting behavior ([[#R00060|Badji et al. 2018]]), and surveys that have included the area ([[#R00061|Ndiaye et al. 2017]], Diallo, D. pers. comm. 2023).

= Documented behaviours =

'''Table 7. Behaviours documented for Bagnomba'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviours-table"
!Category
!Behavior
!Observation type
!Prevalence
!Observation dates
!Source
!Habituation
!Species
!Comment
|-
|
|Ground nest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

[[Behaviours]]
= Exposure to climate change impacts =

= External links =

= References =

<span id="R00060"></span>Badji, L., Ndiaye, P. I., Lindshield, S. M., Ba, C. T., & Pruetz, J. D. (2018). Savanna chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) nesting ecology at Bagnomba (Kedougou, Senegal). Primates, 59, 235–241. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-017-0647-2 doi:10.1007/s10329-017-0647-2]

<span id="R00061"></span>Ndiaye, P. I., Lindshield, S. M., Badji, L., & Pruetz, J. D. (2017). Survey of chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes verus (Schwarz, 1934), outside the protected areas in Senegal (West Africa). Folia Primatologica, 88(2), 113–114. [https://doi.org/10.3957/056.048.013007 doi:10.3957/056.048.013007]

'''Page created by: '''Dame Diallo''' Date:''' 2023-10-26

Bagnomba - Revision history